Illumina data from this study can be found here.
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1321860111
Genome-wide evidence of Austronesian–Bantu admixture and cultural reversion in a hunter-gatherer group of Madagascar
Denis Pierron et al.
Linguistic and cultural evidence suggest that Madagascar was the final point of two major dispersals of Austronesian- and Bantu-speaking populations. Today, the Mikea are described as the last-known Malagasy population reported to be still practicing a hunter-gatherer lifestyle. It is unclear, however, whether the Mikea descend from a remnant population that existed before the arrival of Austronesian and Bantu agriculturalists or whether it is only their lifestyle that separates them from the other contemporary populations of South Madagascar. To address these questions we have performed a genome-wide analysis of >700,000 SNP markers on 21 Mikea, 24 Vezo, and 24 Temoro individuals, together with 50 individuals from Bajo and Lebbo populations from Indonesia. Our analyses of these data in the context of data available from other Southeast Asian and African populations reveal that all three Malagasy populations are derived from the same admixture event involving Austronesian and Bantu sources. In contrast to the fact that most of the vocabulary of the Malagasy speakers is derived from the Barito group of the Austronesian language family, we observe that only one-third of their genetic ancestry is related to the populations of the Java-Kalimantan-Sulawesi area. Because no additional ancestry components distinctive for the Mikea were found, it is likely that they have adopted their hunter-gatherer way of life through cultural reversion, and selection signals suggest a genetic adaptation to their new lifestyle.
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Showing posts with label Malagasy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Malagasy. Show all posts
January 29, 2014
June 18, 2009
Origin of Malagasy
Molecular Biology and Evolution doi:10.1093/molbev/msp120
On the origins and admixture of Malagasy: new evidence from high resolution analyses of paternal and maternal lineages
Sergio Tofanelli et al.
Abstract
The Malagasy have been shown to be a genetically admixed population combining parental lineages with African and South East Asian ancestry. In the present paper we fit the Malagasy admixture history in a highly resolved phylogeographic framework by typing a large set of mtDNA and Y DNA markers in unrelated individuals from inland (Merina) and coastal (Antandroy, Antanosy, Antaisaka) ethnic groups. This allowed performance of a multi-level analysis in which the diversity among main ethnic divisions, lineage ancestries, and modes of inheritance could be concurrently evaluated. Admixture was confirmed to result from the encounter of African and South-East Asian people with minor recent male contributions from Europe. However, new scenarios are depicted about Malagasy admixture history. The distribution of ancestral components was ethnic- and sex-biased, with the Asian ancestry appearing more conserved in the female than in the male gene pool, and in inland than in coastal groups. A statistic based on haplotype sharing (DHS), showing low sampling error and time linearity over the last 200 generations, was here introduced for the first time and helped to integrate our results with linguistic and archeological data. The focus about the origin of Malagasy lineages was enlarged in space and pushed back in time. Homelands could not be pinpointed, but appeared to comprise two vast areas containing different populations from sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. The pattern of diffusion of uni-parental lineages was compatible with at least two events: a primary admixture of proto-Malay people with Bantu-speakers bearing a western-like pool of haplotypes, followed by a secondary flow of Southeastern Bantu-speakers unpaired for gender (mainly male-driven) and geography (mainly coastal).
Link
On the origins and admixture of Malagasy: new evidence from high resolution analyses of paternal and maternal lineages
Sergio Tofanelli et al.
Abstract
The Malagasy have been shown to be a genetically admixed population combining parental lineages with African and South East Asian ancestry. In the present paper we fit the Malagasy admixture history in a highly resolved phylogeographic framework by typing a large set of mtDNA and Y DNA markers in unrelated individuals from inland (Merina) and coastal (Antandroy, Antanosy, Antaisaka) ethnic groups. This allowed performance of a multi-level analysis in which the diversity among main ethnic divisions, lineage ancestries, and modes of inheritance could be concurrently evaluated. Admixture was confirmed to result from the encounter of African and South-East Asian people with minor recent male contributions from Europe. However, new scenarios are depicted about Malagasy admixture history. The distribution of ancestral components was ethnic- and sex-biased, with the Asian ancestry appearing more conserved in the female than in the male gene pool, and in inland than in coastal groups. A statistic based on haplotype sharing (DHS), showing low sampling error and time linearity over the last 200 generations, was here introduced for the first time and helped to integrate our results with linguistic and archeological data. The focus about the origin of Malagasy lineages was enlarged in space and pushed back in time. Homelands could not be pinpointed, but appeared to comprise two vast areas containing different populations from sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. The pattern of diffusion of uni-parental lineages was compatible with at least two events: a primary admixture of proto-Malay people with Bantu-speakers bearing a western-like pool of haplotypes, followed by a secondary flow of Southeastern Bantu-speakers unpaired for gender (mainly male-driven) and geography (mainly coastal).
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